Potential-regulator.



W. WELSCH. POTENTIAL REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5, 1912.

1078076- Patented Nov. 11, i913 Fig-.2.

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' IED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM WELSCH, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

POTENTIAL-REGULATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 11, 1913.

Application led January 5, 1912. Serial No. 669,634.

v Be it known that I, WILHELM IVELSGH,

a subject of the` King of Prussia, residing at lulators, of which the following is a speci- BerlimfGerina-ny, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Potential-Regtication. l Y

invention relates to tlie'regulation of voltage in alternatingvcurrent circuits, by

means fof transformers having separate pri- 'mary and secondary windings, auto-transformels, or reactaiices.`

Y It is' common to regulate voltage in-al- 'ternating current circuits by dividing one or more of the windings of a transformer or l .reactance' into groups and varying the num- `plish the above mentioned desirable results without the use of any special appliances'and to this end I divide a'w-inding of the transformer or reactance into groups and the core into a plurality of sections and' so connect the several groups of windings to each .ot-her and to the switching device that ini-the process of regulating the voltage groups of windings having independent magnetic circuits are cut into or out of circuit, generally alternately, as the switchingrdevice is moved.

lVith such an arrangement the -switch'contac-ts may be so arranged that the circuitis never interrupted and the short circuitings ofthe several; groups produces no injurious result becausea short circuit on one group ot .the transformer or reactance des not affect theother group or groupswh'ich maint-ain their normal reactance and therefore prevent the current in the short circuited group from rising to zin-injurious value.

In the drawings which form a part of this specification, I have illustrated two con structions involving my invention. A

Figure l shows' my invention applied to a transformer having separate primary and secondary windings applied to two 'separate core sections. Fig. 2 shows an auto-transformer or compensator involving my inveni tion where the single` winding is divided into groups placed upon tivo attached sections of a core. Figs. .3 and 4 indicate the directionof the flux through the various core sections, when` .the regulator is in normal operation and when one section of a winding is short circuited during the operation of varying the voltage on the circuit respectively.

In.Fig. l, I have shown two separate cores or core sections, l1 and 2. One winding is in series, and located respectively on the -cores 1 and2. lhe other winding 5 is divided into two sections, each comprising a plurality of groupswhicli in general are located alternately on the cores 1v and 2. For the purpose of explanation, sections 3 and 4 will be regarded as 1comprising the primary winding and winding 5 as the secondary. The groups of windings located on the several core sections, while in general including but one group, may-include a pluralityof groups as is illustrated at. 6 and l.7. The groups should be so located with respect to the switching device that whenever one group is short circiiited there .will be between 'the terminals of the circuit another group located on another core section.- Between each two groups isv located a fixed contact member 10, and over these is arranged to slide in the usual manner a movable contact member 101 which bridges two fixed Contact members momentarily as it is moved from one to another. The. conductor 11 forms one terminal-of the. circuit to be regulated. The other terminal is connected to the movable contact member. To vary the voltage in the circuit supplied by the secondary winding 5, more or less groups are cut in or out by shifting the movable .contact member. 'When it. is in engagement with any one contact piece 10, the flux vthrough the two cores will be as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. Io change the engagement of this contact from one fixed contact member to'another without-interrupting the supply of energy, necessitates that icora` certain space of time the movable -Contact be in engagement with two of the Contact members l0, s o that theA group to which these. contact members are both conhowever, no undue current in this group circuited, it acts as a short circuited secdivided into two sections, 3 and 4, connected nected will be short ,circuited. There is, V

during this time. I'Vhen this group is short section assumes 4 th ondaiy with respect. to the primar)r wind-- ing section 3 or 4, as the case may be, but it has ncetlect on the other section ofthe primary-winding. We -willg suppose, for example, that the short jcirgiitedsection is located on the core 1.'- Diiri'ng'the'period of short circuitthe impedance ofthe primary winding 'section -4 remains constantand 'li nce theA current through section 3 andl therefore th rnufrh the short circuited group is limited. Otner results 'are theassumption', during the short 'circuited period, of the-entire loa'd bythe windings located on the core :2, as indicated by the working Hux diagram in Fig-4. M 'invention includes, tlieicfoie,'tlie distribution-of tlie regulating coils on a plurality of-,core sections iiifsuch when onewindin fri-ou J'. is short circuited CJ i another part of the windings :on'anotlier core ej load andA 'only a re-v stricted amount of u 'rc1'it. is allowed-to. be

suppliedgby the'slioifcirci tedfcoil. f

.In Fig. 2, I have shown invention as applied' to an lauto-transf0rmer,and in this case the diiferentcore sectionsar'e'findicated by l and 2. 'Asin Fig. 1, groups of :windings are applied in general alternately'tothe core sections l and 2, VI :have showing-the contact members 10 as locatedon the central leg of the core,'but obviously they Amay be located =wherever desired.; Y'l` h e arrows in Figs. 3 and t -representtlie .working flux traversing the various sections'of the core of this transformer also#l fIn Fig. 2, 12 and 13 indicate the terminals of the auto-transformer winding. The terminal of yariable voltage is connected-to the movable contact member as before, and the Vgeneral action of the anto-transformer issimilar to the operation of the transformer represented in'Fig. 1.

vWhile I have described my iriventionin. transformer constructions, 1t will, of course,-

be obvious thatitmay as well be applied to plain reactance coils; for example, a reactf 'ance coil may be constructed similar to the auto-transformer shown in vI" ig. 2.'. In this case, horvei-"er, one-side o f the circuit would be permanently connected to either l2 or 13, the other side of the `circuit being connected by Let-ters Patent of the United States,

section, v and Contact -ternately with similar groups on other core sections. The core sections, it will be understood,'may be entirely separate from each other as shownA in Fig. l, or parts o' a single piece as in Fig. 2.

1)Vhat'I claimas newr and desire to secure 1- A Potential :regulates.including-f1. P111- rality of' core" 's'e `tio ns,A awinding' 'divided into groups connectedV in "series, a plurality of. the groups 4beinglocatedon Aeach core I. 21A-potential regulator'. including plura-lity of core sections," a Winding divided into"`groi1ps"connected in series, a plurality vofthe groups being located on e'acli core section and the firsttwo groups being lircated'on different core sections', and Contact members' between the groups.

3. A. potential regulator including a pli.:-

rality of. core sections` a winding' divided into groups connected 'in series, the groups. being located alternately on the c ore sections` with aplurality of groups on each lcore scction,- and contact members between the gTOuPS- cre sections, a winding divided into groups connected in series, the groups being located alternately on lthe core sections with a plurality of groups on each core section, and

contact members between the groups. v -In `Witness. whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this ninth dal(Y of December, 1911..

.WILHELM WELSCH.

lVitnesses:

`Fnii1niircrr EicHnsnG,

' WILHELM NEUMANN.

4. A. potential regulator including: two 

